The original part of the questionnaire software contained inquiries on the socio-market characteristics off household members, home expenditures, health updates and you may healthcare use. It part is completed for all friends no matter decades (N = 5150) because of the lead of house otherwise, in the/their unique lack, the earliest user establish. Another section is administered face-to-face to those old ?fifteen years and you can questioned specifically regarding the puffing and you can nasway have fun with, in addition to expenses on smoke and you will expertise in the health risks off the use. Interviews was through with 1795 guys and you can 1837 women.
Participants was indeed classified just like the newest smokers or nasway profiles if they conveyed having used one cig or used nasway at minimum immediately following prior to now month. other (Karakalpak, Russian, Tadjik, Tatar, Kazakh)], studies height [0–nine decades (low), 10–eleven (standard secondary), 12–14 (elite group secondary), >14 (high)], marital updates (married, solitary, other) and you will current career (bodies employee, non-regulators employee, self-employed/entrepreneur, pupil, almost every other [we.age. underemployed, retired]).
New survey is pretested inside 30 houses and you can interpreted and straight back-translated to Uzbek and Russian. Interviews had been conducted in both vocabulary from the experienced interviewers. Quality assurance actions was basically did throughout the questionnaire (age.grams. checking to own survey completeness and programming and you will studies admission reliability). The new questionnaire are approved by the Ministry off Wellness regarding Uzbekistan and you may used in accordance with the Declaration out of Helsinki.
Research data
First-acquisition analytics was in fact determined to help you characterize new sample and determine prevalence prices from most recent puffing and you may nasway fool around with. Connectivity is actually shown since the adjusted chances rates (AORs) having relevant 95% depend on times (CIs) obtained from logistic regression patterns you to definitely taken into account the new clustered character of your data (STATA to have Windows V10.0). Investigation was basically weighted to help you take into account the fresh unequal likelihood of choices away from participants as a consequence of using children given that sampling unit and you can simple problems and you may CIs was in fact projected properly. Post-stratification changes having non-effect wasn’t produced.
Overall performance
Total, 38.1% of males and you may step 1.6% of females currently consumed tobacco cigarette points. The newest prevalence away from most recent cigarette among guys try 19.6% (CI = 17.8–21.6%), and 22.3% (CI = 20.6–24.5%) currently put nasway. Twenty percent out of smokers together with utilized nasway, and you will 17.5% of nasway users in addition to used. Among women, the new rates away from smoking and you may nasway play with was 1.1% and you can 0.5%, respectively. Zero feminine said co-utilization of the affairs. Because of the really low frequency out-of using tobacco among feminine, then analyses try limited by dudes.
Among the smokers, 77% smoked everyday, 18% each week and you will 4% month-to-month, and you will certainly one of nasway profiles 89% put day-after-day, 9% weekly and you will dos% month-to-month. Virtually, the (99.2%) cigarette smokers buy are produced smokes, and simply step 1.4% move their. Few (5%) smokers could be willing to change to nasway though tobacco cigarette pricing twofold. Such a conference, 20% wouldn’t alter the puffing models, 37% create attempt to tobacco less, 21% perform quit totally and you may 16% would switch to a less expensive brand name.
Both kinds of use were differentially given by ethnicity, irlantilainen morsiamet kuuma years, relationship standing, training height and you will field ( dining table step one). The greatest puffing cost were among non-Uzbek guys (twenty five.6%; 18.3% among Uzbek men), men and women staying in towns (32.4%), 35–fifty something (38.3%), partnered (twenty seven.4%), with a high training (twenty five.8%) and you can government employed (31.1%). Nasway play with was highest certainly Uzbek dudes (23.3%; 18.1% one of non-Uzbek guys), those individuals residing in rural areas (25.2%), 35–54 seasons olds (34.4%), hitched guys (31.8%), people with standard additional training (twenty five.6%) and you will non-regulators staff (30.4%). A decreased costs off smoking and you can nasway play with was basically one of more youthful respondents (many years 15–24), unmarried, people who have reduced knowledge and you may pupils.
Prevalence (%) away from most recent smoking and you can nasway have fun with certainly one of dudes in Uzbekistan, and you will modified odds rates (AOR) out of multivariate logistic regression analyses (standard problems modified having 931 property/clusters)
